Budget Information Problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Spending Information Problem - Essay Example At last, the report wraps up with an explanatory evaluation of these spending data issues and proposes proposals to address the spending data inadequacies. I as the bookkeeper completed a review on the condition of the spending data issue. The spending data issue is because of an organization not being sufficiently straightforward to itself and the general population or gatherings concerned. There is no responsibility in the manner the spending reserves are utilized and for this situation. The report will consider the impact of the accessibility of spending data to Metropolitan social insurance administrations organization (Tyler, 2007, p. 146). In this manner, it is basic be comfortable with nature and hierarchical structure of the Metropolitan social insurance administrations organization. The report will build up the focal issues in the spending data influencing Metropolitan social insurance administrations organization. Additionally, it recommends the accessible strategy decisions that it can utilize in their planning forms. The organization is relied upon to choose a strategy choice that is in accordance with the objectives in its spending financing. The report found that it was basic for the organization to have data on issues with respect to the consumption and income financial plan. Spending data is indispensable, and when it is inaccessible, it could suggest the absence of responsibility and consequently misappropriation of assets. Obligation the executives data inadequacy is likewise a requirement for the company’s budgetary procedures. I saw that the methodology taken by organization concerning obligation the executives isn't proper in the spending specification. I hold the position that means to change the models and conditions that will empower the di sposal of spending data issue at Metropolitan social insurance administrations organization (Lindridge, 2011, p. 157). There are visit common issues that exist in the budgetary creation process at Metropolitan medicinal services administrations organization. One of the key issues is spending data concerning

Operation management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Activity the executives - Assignment Example Top among the needs remains the component of rivalry from existing lodgings inside the area. The association must guarantee the opposition part of the business turns out to be viably tended to for effective passage into the market. This exploration looks to embrace an examination of the current rivalry inside the market, and empower the association to settle on educated choice about initiating with the undertaking. This will include leading web based research to set up the market circumstance inside the objective district. Rivalry among associations can be directed through various methodologies, including the reception of viable tasks techniques. The advancement of a viable activities system includes undertaking exploration to comprehend the parts and proportions of viability in tasks (Lewis et al. 2010). Proficiency of tasks stays a crucial part of cost-cutting which guarantee associations increment their productivity. Prior to the advancement of these procedures in any case, various conditions must get fulfilled to guarantee the systems work successfully, inside a serious market (Brown et al. 2013). Working productivity stays a major marker of the activities capacity inside an association. Breaking down the working effectiveness of contenders can empower an association to receive better activity activities and improve the procedures, for expanded gainfulness. Inside any market, rivalry stays an ever present component when directing business. Effective section into a market includes directing an examination of the current rivalry so as to create rivalry procedures, which will guarantee fruitful market passage. As another contestant, the market elements used in upgrading intensity inside the market become basic highlights, which associations can use to contend adequately. Undertaking an opposition survey empowers another contestant to comprehend

Blog Archive MBA News With Business School Applications Down, Now Is a Great Time to Apply

Blog Archive MBA News With Business School Applications Down, Now Is a Great Time to Apply Studies and reports on business school application volumes have been popping up everywhere lately, and the conclusion from them all is that MBA applications are DOWN. A new report from Bloomberg Businessweek found that at seven of the top ten business schools in the country, applications have fallen from this time last year. Of course, these data are only from Round 1 applications, but the trend looks as though it will continue. According to the article, Stanford saw the largest drop of the top ten schools, with 586 fewer applications this yearâ€"down 8% from 2010. Chicago Booth, HBS and Kellogg all saw a decline as well. Still, other top schoolsâ€"including Tuck, Michigan Ross and UCLA Andersonâ€"have seen notable increases in application volume. What does this mean for business school applicants? For one, gaining acceptance just might be easierâ€"with less competition, selectivity decreases. So now could be just the right time to apply. Share ThisTweet News

Descriptive Essay Slang And Sociolinguistics - 2357 Words

Slang and Sociolinguistics All languages grow in the direction of change. All languages exist to meet the needs of their speakers. These two Linguistic Rules demonstrate the flexibility of language to be impacted by sociocultural changes. Throughout the developmental history of the English Language, word borrowing has been an integral system of language growth and change. This long-standing tradition of adopting new words into the language has not been slowed in Modern English, but has rather become more expansive and multi-faceted: technological advances in the last two centuries have added a great number of words to the Modern English lexicon, as well as the World Wars, and immigration. Growth and adaptations of language occur over time to meet the needs of the speakers through expanded vocabulary, new connotations and meanings, and through the adoption of words into mainstream culture that were previously used only by subcultures. This paper will seek to explore the development of slang in Modern English an d its cultural implications. As culture adapts and grows with the influx of new technology, new peoples, and new ideas, the language must also adapt and grow. According to Albert C. Baugh and Thomas Cable, authors of A History of the English Language: Sixth Edition, â€Å"words obviously designate the things a culture knows, just as obviously the vocabulary of a language must keep pace with the advance of a culture’s knowledge† (294). Words that are adopted into the cultureShow MoreRelatedLanguage of Advertising20371 Words   |  82 Pagesdevices in advertising texts with functional expressive features, stylistic devices, syntactic and stylistic features. The eighth chapter introduces the role of parentheses insertion as additional information. Very important advertising text in sociolinguistic coverage and phonetic expressive means and stylistic devices in the ninth chapter (Galperin`s stylistic devices, the definitions of stylistic devices with examples). In the chapter of tenth we consider clas sification of language styles (Belles-Letters

Stem Research Stem Cell Research - 1692 Words

Stem Cell Research As stem cell research progresses, it is essential that we think about the issues encompassing our future. One of the exceptionally debated topics, stem cell research, is gathering a lot of information. Stem cell research is as of now is legal in many nations. The united states, regularly a pioneer in all things new and energizing is one of the last to investigate this topic. As this sort of examination continues advancing, as citizens, we will in all likely need to vote on it. It influences the majority of our lives, in many different ways. A large portion of us knows at least one individual with diabetes, Alzheimer s, or Parkinson s. Perhaps, sadly, you may confront one of these illnesses eventually in your life. It is essential to think about issues like stem cell research , which can help many people all over the world. Stem cell research is turning into an issue that may have the likelihood to one day transform many of our lives and the way we live. The issue is faced each day in research facilities all way across the world as researchers consider the results and advantages of their work. Stem cell research is also an issue highly debated inside the church, with people of various religions, even a hefty portion of the same, coming together to create different opinions and values. Many people are finding that the more they think about stem cell research , the less certain they are about the ethical and moral conclusions. In order toShow MoreRelatedStem Research On Stem Cell Research1747 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish 111-36 25 November 2014 Stem Cell Research Stem cell research has cultivated a new, miraculous study in the health field. The study has led to an increase in curing diseases over the past couple of decades. Before stem cell research, diseases were destroying and devastating lives continuously on end. With the use of stem cells in modern time, diseases are no longer taking control of lives. The innovation in biomedical technology, such as stem cell research, has greatly impacted the understandingRead MoreStem Research On Stem Cell Research1271 Words   |  6 Pages! ! ! Stem Cells Research ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Jabaree Shipp English III NCVPS Mrs.Gallos 8, December 2014 ! ! ! ! ! ! Throughout most of our lifetime on Earth many have pondered the thought of how they and the things around them have been created. They wondered what makes grass grow to what makes themselves grow mentally and physically. Through extensive research and major advancements in technology over these years, decades, and centuries we still have no answer to our own questions. But, we do howeverRead MoreStem Research On Stem Cell Research1318 Words   |  6 Pagesknown as Stem Cell Research (SCR). Stem Cell Research is a relatively new field that has shown much promise to help deal with hundreds of different conditions and diseases. Though this astounding field holds the key to saving thousands of lives, there is a misguided ethical problem with Stem Cell Research raised by the church. The church only focuses on one aspect of harvesting stem cells when there is more than one way to get stem cells. This isn’t the only thing that is holding SCR back. Stem CellRead MoreStem Research On Stem Cell Research1530 Words   |  7 PagesHiga Capstone 2 October, 2014 Stem Cell Beats Ethic Issues Stem cell research is the most controversial topic in the health field since abortion. Stem cell research however, has the potential to unlock an infinite amount of possibilities as well be the key to curing patients with terminal illnesses. Many people from around the world have their opinions on this type of research dealing with ethics, politics, and religion. The most efficient way to study stem cells is taking them from donated embryosRead MoreStem Research On Stem Cell Research1212 Words   |  5 PagesStem Cell Research Jason Bernard BIOL-10000 July 26, 2015 Introduction In this essay, I hope to analyze both sides of the debate, and also learn more about the topic and share that information. Prior to researching this topic, I feel that any research that can help prevent or cure diseases, than the research should receive full funding and support. What Are Stem Cells? Stem cells were first discovered in the 1960s by Dr. James Till and Dr. Ernest McCulloch, professors at the University of TorontoRead MoreStem Cell Research : Stem Cells1338 Words   |  6 Pages Stem Cells Stem cells are cells that are found throughout the human body. They reproduce over a long period of time without changing. Stem cells can produce specialized cells, such as brain, muscle or lung cells. Stem cells in the last few years have recently made a big debut because medical professionals have discovered so many unique qualities to stem cells. They are on the cutting edge of medicine because of all their uses and the qualities that make them so unique from any other cell in theRead MoreStem Cell Research : Stem Cells941 Words   |  4 PagesStem cells have the extraordinary power to develop into several body cell types during early growth and development. (Stem Cell Basics). Stem cells are either embryonic: from a human fetus, or somatic: from an adult (Stem Cell Basics).These cells can be used to rebuild body tissue, treat diseases, and even cure others. They can be more effective in treatment of illness than the common treatment, such as therapy or medication. Stem cells a re potentially more medically effective than traditional treatmentsRead MoreStem Cell Research : Stem Cells1416 Words   |  6 PagesSTEM CELLS In this report, I mainly focused on Stem-Cells. You will read about Stem-Cells and its history from the moment this term was known. Also, you will know the Sources, properties, and the types of Stem-Cells. In addition, you will know some of the pros and cons researches about Stem-Cells. Stem-Cells are cells that have the ability to divide and multiply and renew itself. †¢ Sources of Stem-Cells: 1- The first source is Bone Marrow. 2- The second source isRead MoreStem Cells And Stem Cell Research1310 Words   |  6 Pagesnonspecialized cells which have the potential to create other types of specific cells in order to survive? Those cells are called Stem Cells and they are very crucial to develop organisms. Stem cell research is a subject that most people in the world have a different viewpoint on. Some view the issue of stem cell research and stem cell therapy as morally wrong and a crime against humanity, others view the study of stem cells as the next step in modern science (Reeve.) I think in some twisted way, stem cellRead MoreStem Cell Research : Stem Cells1261 Words   |  6 Pagescure diseases. Now we have stem cell therapy. Stem cells promise future cures for many currently considered to be â€Å"incurable† diseases, but with more research, we can overcome the controversy surrounding this this topic and help people live longer, improve their quality of life, and save many many lives. To understand the big hype about stem cells, one must know what a stem cell is. Stem cells have specialized functions that have the potential to become any type of cell in the body. According to

Impact Of Globalization On The Middle East Essay - 2269 Words

1: Introduction This analysis is to explore the role the phenomenon of Globalization plays in the violent and non-violent conflict seen in the Middle East over the past decade and a half. Globalization has seen itself affect almost every aspect of human interaction; both domestic and internationally, over the past decade. From the information hub of the Internet, to instantaneous communication across the globe, travel speed and range dramatically increased and the integration of international finance, Globalization has affected the world in such fundamental ways where it is difficult to imagine a world without the commodities and globalized interactions we take for granted. But how have these aspects of globalization influenced and proliferated the growing conflict we have seen in the Middle East such as the growing threat of militant extremism and the Arab Spring phenomenon? I believe that with the spread of information (both factual and biased) through increased levels of international communication aided by the other affects of increased speed of travel and an integrated international finance system, conflict of this nature is no longer between states but instead of idealistic individuals and has proliferated the cause for conflict. More and more individuals across national borders are coming together for conflict of a particular ideal or set of ideals (both for peaceful and violent). I believe Globalization is at the center of what has made this phenomenon so wideShow MoreRelatedPolitical uprisings in the Middle East, especially in Muslim nation states have placed Arabian700 Words   |  3 PagesPolitical uprisings in the Middle East, especially in Muslim nation states have placed Arabian politics back on the focus point of international politics. Political events in certain Arab countries had an inordinate impact on the political development of othe r neighbor states. Anxieties and resistance within different Arab countries triggered unpredictable actions, sometimes sorely to observe and believe. Authoritarian governments of Arabian countries led from various dictators have created a precariousRead MoreGlobalization And The Middle East998 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction There are many significant change in the world economy occurred, marked by globalization each country has different speed of development under different political and cultural background. During this period, Such as the United States of America s economic status from the rapid development to the decline, then move to the current stable trend. Brazil, Russia, India, China, which named ‘BRCIS’ those developing countries’ economic performances are very catch the attention in recent yearsRead MoreAdvertisement And Culture Of The Media1658 Words   |  7 Pages Advertisement and Cultural Transformation in Middle East: In Special Context to Oman Abhishek K. Singh Faculty, Department of Communication Studies, College of Applied Sciences Sultanate of Oman dr.asingh89@gmail.com ______________________________________________________________________________ 1. Introduction In the era of information society, media is playing a very crucial part in everyday lives. It influences both how we see ourselves and society in all perspectives. There are differentRead MoreIslam : An Monotheistic Faith, Monotheistic, And It1101 Words   |  5 Pagesmine. Islam effects my culture, for example, through their dialects and vocabulary that are now used in daily conversations. Globalization effects Islam in the way that people around the world view them. Mostly, this opinion of them comes from major events; like 9/11. Islam, which shares many similar qualities with other religions is also unique in its way of life and impact on the world. Islam, a big religion that almost everyone has heard about. Especially because it is theRead MoreEssay on Asia and Huge Subsidies Nokia676 Words   |  3 Pagesand Europe markets were saturated. What to do then? Industry focused towards markets of Middle East, South Asia, Africa, China and India, where there was a high growth. Therefore, we can summarize the situation of the industry as follows: * Outsourced manufacturing of handsets * Demands in the developed markets like US amp; Europe has saturated * Significant growth has been noticed in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, Africa, China, India and South Korea * Demands of low cost phoneRead MoreEssay about Teachers in Syria1399 Words   |  6 Pagesfact many more unregistered Syrian refugees escaping through the Iraq border. Globalization and its negative implications for Syria Globalization has had negative implications for the nation of Syria. As cultural norms throughout the world become more diffused, globalization has resulted in a great deal of change in the world’s complex evolution of â€Å"systems, ideas and structures† (Stetter, 2012, p. 7) within the Middle East. First, the influence of western cultures on Syrian culture as caused someRead MoreGlobalization Effect on Pakistan1531 Words   |  7 PagesAffect of Globalization on Pakistan The word Globalization refers to â€Å"the growing integration of economies and societies around the world† (World Bank 2010). There has been an increasing amount of connection between various economies and one of the greatest challenges we face is to make this connection a positive one. Globalization certainly has the greatest influence on developing nations around the world. Countries such as India, China and Russia have been positively affected by globalization sinceRead MoreWhat Ways Did Pastoral Societies Differ From Their Agricultural Counterparts?1431 Words   |  6 Pagesneighbors, such as Judaism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, and even Manichaeism, which included different elements of Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, and Christianity. 3) In what ways did the Xiongu, Arabs, and Turks make an impact on World History? The Xiongu, Arabs, and Turks made a big impact on world history in many ways. The Xiongu effected a revolution in nomadic life, which transformed earlier fragmented and egalitarian societies into a centralized and hierarchical political system, in which power wasRead MoreThe Globalization of Culture: Cultural Homogenization1707 Words   |  7 Pagesor way-of-life. With the dawn of globalization, however, cultural variety and distinguishing characteristics are vanishing; giving rise to a monoculture common to all. While this may be a harbinger of unity and relatedness among all people of the world, it also damages the unique cultural identities they once took pride in. This paper discusses the effects of globalization on culture, along with its positive and negative effects. Since the effects of globalization on culture are non-exhaustive, itRead MoreGlobalization Is The Process By Which People, Cultures,1476 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization is the process by which people, culture s, ideas, and goods are spread across the world, stimulating the synergy and assimilation of world economies and governments. It references a global economy built on free trade and the use of foreign labor markets to capitalize on revenue, along with the movement of people, ideas, and knowledge from sea to shining sea. The study of history shows us that globalization is not a new phenomenon, rather it has been occurring for centuries. Whether one

Text and Discourse free essay sample

You recognize a piece of language as a text, because of its location in a particular context. And if you are familiar with the text in that context, you know what the message is intended to be. Now if you see the same sign dissociated from its ordinary context, you are no longer ablet to act on its original intention. From this example we can conclude that, for the expression of its meaning, a text is dependent on its use in a appropriate context. The nature of discourse Meaning of a text does not come into being until it is actively employed in a context of use. This process of activation of a text by relating it to a context of use is what we call discourse. This contextualization of text is actually the reader’s reconstruction of the writer’s intended message, that is, his or her communicative act or discourse. We will write a custom essay sample on Text and Discourse or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In these terms, the text is the observable product of the writer’s or speaker’s discourse, which in turn must be seen as the process that has created it. However, just because he or she is engaged in a process of reconstruction, it is always possible that the reader infers a different discourse from the text than the one the writer has intended. Therefore, one might also say that the inference of discourse meaning is largely a matter of negotiation between writer and reader in contextualized social interaction. So a text can be realized by any piece of language as long as it is found to record a meaningful discourse when it is related to a suitable context of use. Textual and Contextual Meaning In order to derive a discourse from a text we have to explore two different sites of meaning: on the one hand, the text’s intrinsic linguistic or formal roperties (its sounds, typography, vocabulary, grammar and so on) and on the other hand, the extrinsic contextual factors which are taken to affect its linguistic meaning. These two interacting site of meaning are the concern of two fields of study: semantics is the study of formal meaning as they are encoded in the language of texts (independently from a context), while pragmatics is concerned with the meaning of language in discourse, that is, when it is used in an appropriat e context to achieve particular aims. Pragmatic meaning is complementary to semantic meaning, because it is inferred from the interplay of semantic meaning with context. We distinguished two kinds of contexts: an internal context built up by the language patterns inside the texts, and an external non-linguistic context drawing us to ideas and experiences in the world outside the text. The latter is a very complex notion because it may include any number of text external features influencing the interpretation of a discourse. Some of the components are: -the text type or genre (election poster, a recipe, a sermon) -its topic, purpose and function -the immediate temporary and physical setting of the text -the text’s wider social, cultural and historical setting -the identities, knowledge, emotions, abilities, belief and assumptions of the writer and reader -the relationships holding between the writer and reader -the association with other similar or related text types (intertextuality) The context of literary discourse In principle, the process of discourse inferencing is the same for non-literary and literary texts, for in either case we have to bring about an interaction between the semantic meanings of the linguistic items take on in a context of use. However, the nature of context of literary discourse is quite different from that of non-literary discourse in that it is dissociated from the immediacy of social contact. In very broad terms, whereas the non-literary text makes a connection with the context of our everyday social practice, the literary text does not: it is self-enclosed. Now the discourse of daily social life, is of necessity, constantly aimed at the control, categorization and abstraction of an endless variety of social institutions, relationships, and processes. But we also hold the desire to be an individual to be distinct from others, though realizing at the same time that we are indivisible members of society. It is literature, and in a broad sense all art, which can be said to potentially provide an outlet from these individualizing tendencies. In the case of literature, this escape exists because its discourse is divorced from the context of the social practice we have just described. It is essential to recognize, however, that the alternative realities represented by literary discourse do not offer a neat and tidy substitute for the realities which we are in the habit of constructing as members of a society. The meanings of literary discourses are indefinite, undetermined, unstable, an indeed often unsettling. So, every time we try to infer a discourse from the same literary text, we are sure to find other meanings. This does not mean that literary texts bear no relation to the real world. Of course they do, otherwise we would not be able to identify with them and construe some meaningful discourse The Communicative situation in Literary Discourse A discourse is a context-bound act of communication verbalized in a text, and waiting to be inferred from it. Such a communicative act is inherently an interpersonal activity between two parties: the first-person party at the addresser end of the process, and the second-person party at the addressee end. These parties may share a physical context, as in face-to-face conversation, or may not, as in written discourse. Because context is not simply a matter of physical circumstances but of the ideas, values, beliefs, and so on inside people’s heads. In this sense all communication is a meeting of minds, and meaning is achieved to the extent that the contexts of the two parties come together. But in literature the communicative situation is not so straightforward. Since literary texts are disconnected from ordinary social practices, there is disruption in the direct line of communication between the parties. Thus the first-person pronoun does not represent the person who produced the text but a persona within it, and so we cannot as readers converge on the writer’s context but only on that which is internally created in text itself. And this context may represent not one perspective or point of view, but several. Conclusion We have attempted to delineate what might be called a communicative triangle, encompassing a first person party (an addresser), a text as the material manifestation of a discourse, and a second-person party (an addressee). We talk about text when our analysis is focused on the intrinsic linguistic properties of the text, without considering its contextual factors. We use the term discourse when our analysis is not only concerned with linguistic features, but also with non-linguistic aspects. In this sense the term discourse takes text and context together because they are seen as interacting generators of meaning. Literature is distinctive, I have suggested, because its texts are closed off from normal external contextual connection and this means that we need to infer possible contextual implications, including perspective or point of view, from the textual features themselves.

Emotional Intelligence and Servant Leadership

Adam Walsh Act Essay Example

Adam Walsh Act Essay Example Adam Walsh Act Essay Adam Walsh Act Essay Thousands of people are sexually abused every year, however not all sex offenders are ever apprehended. There really is no description as to who is a sex offender as they can seem normal and be highly intelligent. They have been known to premeditate and to use deceptive techniques to get what they want (Cross-Tower, 2008). Many believe that sexual offenders should be monitored for the rest of their lives because statistics show that hey are likely to repeat their first offense and to ensure the safety of society. The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act requires that before a sex offender Is released from prison or three days after being release from nonpoisonous sentence that they must be registered in the sex offender registration. They must provide their name, USN, address, name and address of their employer if they have one, if they are a student they need to provide the school and address, and license plate along with car description (Public law 2006). At the same time, the state must also provide into the registry the description of the sex offender, the offense, criminal history, fingerprints, and current photograph (Public law 2006). The law also requires a classification of sex offenders which is broken down into three categories: Tier l, Tier II, and Tier Ill. Each tier Is setup with different requirements. For example, Tier Ill, sex offenders In this tier are required to update their whereabouts every three months along with malignantly life registration. Tier II ex offenders must update their whereabouts every SIX months and be registered In the database for 25 years. And the less severe Tier I only update their whereabouts once a year but must be registered for 15 years. Sex offenders in Tier II are people who have been imprisoned for more then a year and who have committed the following offenses: sex trafficking; coercion and enticement; transportation with intent to engage in criminal sexual activity; abusive sexual contact (Public law 109? 2006).

Article Review 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Review 1 - Essay Example The study by The Employment Policies Institute, a nonprofit research organization, proves that for every 10 per cent increase, the unemployment among minorities like the Hispanics, teenagers and African Americans has increased considerably. Moreover, low-skilled unemployment among high school drop-outs has also grown. Studies by Dr. David Neumark, a University of California, Irvine economist, support these findings and states that the law has â€Å"the largest negative effects on low-skilled employees, such as teens and minority teens†. By destroying the opportunities of entry-level jobs for many, the law robs them of the right to learn skills and develop good work habits which would help them develop a career. James Sherk, a labour policy analyst at the Heritage Foundation, points out that the law also has the negative effect of reducing many workers’ job opportunities and working hours. He observes that â€Å"wage hikes cause businesses to reduce the number of workers they hire and the hours they ask their employees to work†. Though there are some workers who initially earned near the minimum wage experience gains, the general impact would be a negative one for those who seek entry-level jobs, as Neumark’s study suggests. According to the Hoover institution, 20 per cent could lose their jobs unless there are offsetting tax cuts for small businesses. Lambro points out that there is an increasing tendency among industries to replace workers with machines, computers and the internet facility, to avoid the extra expenses they would have to meet by paying the minimum wages to a large number of people. Such job reduction will accelerate if the law continues to impose burde n on small businesses. Moreover, Sherk’s study also points out that the general benefactors of the law are not poor, dispossessed people, but teenagers from affluent families. This again reduces the

Regal Movie Theaters (geographical distribution analysis) Essay

Regal Movie Theaters (geographical distribution analysis) - Essay Example These are discussed in detail below Selection of Particular state and city This is a bit like studying macro economics. The data required here shall be very broad in nature and a birds view will be taken of the state as a market on its own and whether it is advisable to enter it or not. Population, education index, earning index, human development index, per capital income, political stability and susceptibility to natural calamities are some of the factor which will need to be considered. The profitability will depend finally on number of people coming to Regal theatre, but that number of customer visits is determined by the above factors. Selection of particular district in selected city In each city there are various different segments which are not a formal division of city but still people identify them as different. A business district, a red light district, an eating area and an area popular with kids are few examples how a city can be broken down into for ease of decision mak ing process. Movie theatre business is a business of entertainment. Regal would specifically want to avoid schools, brothels or hospitals next door to avoid any conflict of interest.

A Critical Analysis on Wal-Marts Failure in Germany Essay Example for Free

A Critical Analysis on Wal-Marts Failure in Germany Essay After eight unprofitable years, Wal-Mart backed out of Germany in July 2006 and sold the entire retails outlets to Metro AG. After dominating the US market for quite a long time, Wal-Mart expanded its market to Germany in 1997. In 1997 Wal-Mart continued its strategy of globalization, and acquired two German retail chains for $1. 6 billion. After eight unprofitable years, Wal-Mart backed out of Germany in July 2006 and sold the entire retails outlets to Metro AG. The Essay examines why Wall-mart was a big failure in its international operations in Germany on a Cross-culture perspective. Inadaptability and ignorance f local culture can become a big problem in global business, even for a Corporate giant like Wal-Mart with proven success formulas. Being number one in the United States does not always guarantee for being number one elsewhere in the world. It is very important to understand the pulse of the local market and culture of the clients exactly and should make strategies accordingly and exactly that is where Wal-Mart went wrong in Germany. COMPANY PROFILE Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. s the largest retailer in the world, the worlds second-largest operates retail stores in various retailing formats in all 50 states in the United States. The Companys mass merchandising operations serve its customers primarily through the operation of three segments. The Wal-Mart Stores segment includes its discount stores, Supercenters, and Neighborhood Markets in the United States. The Sams club segment includes the warehouse membership clubs in the United States. The Companys subsidiar y, McLane Company, Inc. rovides products and distribution services to retail industry and institutional foodservice customers. Wal-Mart serves customers and members more than 200 million times per week at more than 8,416 retail units under 53 different banners in 15 countries. With fiscal year 2010 sales of $405 billion, Wal-Mart employs more than 2. 1 million associates worldwide. Nearly 75% of its stores are in the United States (Wal-Mart International Operations, 2004), but Wal-Mart is expanding internationally. The Group is engaged in the operations of retail stores located in all 50 states of the United States, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Japan, Puerto Rico and the United Kingdom, Central America, Chile, Mexico,lndia and China Wal-Marts entry and operation in Germany Wal-Marts initial entry into German market was through the acquisitions of renowned 21 store Wertkauf chain for an estimated $1. 4 billion in December 1997. 1t was followed one year later by the acquisition of In-terspars 74 hypermarkets from Spar Handels AG, the German unit of the French Intermarch © Group , for ‚ ¬560 million. Thus Wal-Mart immediately became the countrys fourth biggest operator of hypermarkets. However, with a turnover of around ‚ ¬2. 9 billion, and a stagnating market share of Just 1. 1 per cent, the US giant still was a negligible one in the German retail market. Even worse, with estimated accumulated losses of more than ‚ ¬ 1 billion, it is literally drowning in red ink although, according to Wal-Mart Germanys CEO, Kay Hafner, its non food assortment, which accounts for around 50 per cent of its revenues, is profitable.. Instead of expanding its network of stores by 50 units by early 2001 , as originally planned, the company has been forced to close two big outlets, while at the same time it was only able to fully remodel three locations into its flagship Super center format. Due to its problems the company also had to lay off around 1. 000 staff. On July 2006,Wal-Mart announced its official defeat in Germany and would sell its 85 German stores to the rival supermarket chain Metro and would ook a pre-tax loss of about $1 billion (E536million) on the failed venture. A Critical Analysis of Reasons for Wal-Marts failure in Germany: There were several factors that contributed to Germanys unsuccessful business ride. Amazing management blunders have plagued Wal-Marts German operation from the very start.. Wal-Marts major mistakes on the German market may be summarized as follows. Cultural Insensitivity was the major reason of failure Entry to German market by acquisition strategy, Failure to deliver on its legendary every-day low prices and excellent service alue proposition. ? Bad Publicity about the company due to breaking of some prevailing German law In January 1997, Wal-Mart had first entry in Europe market with the acquisition of Wertkauf hypermarkets in Germany. Later in that year, Wal-Mart also acquired Interspar, another German hypermarket chain.. While its first move the 1997 takeover of the 21 Wertkaufstores was indeed a shrewd one, given that companys excellent earnings, its competitive locations, and its very capable management. Wal- Marts 1998 follow-updeal with Spar for 74 hypermarkets was widely Judged an ill- nformed, ill-advised act, for several reasons: Spar is considered to be the weakest player on the German market due to its mostly run-down stores, very heterogeneous in size and format, with the majority of them located in less well-off inner-city residential areas. Wal-Marts cultural insensitivity led to its failure in Germany. This Study focuses only on the flaws made by the Wal-Mart in its International operations in Germany from a Cross-cultural Managements perspective. Wal-Marts failure in Germany- A Case of cultural insensitivity: Most of the Global mergers and acquisitions failed to produce any benefit for the shareholders or educed value, which was mainly due to the lack of intercultural competence. Lack of sensitivity and understanding of language barriers, local traditions, consumer behavior, merchandising, and employment practices irreversibly damaged Wal-Marts image in Germany. One of the main reasons that failed Wal-Mart in Germany is when it attempted to transport the companys unique culture and retailing concept to the new country. The top management refused to even acknowledge the differences in customer behavior and culture in Germany when compared to its US customers, and the top management failed to listen to the feedback from its employees. Not every new cross- border retailer can be a retail giant outer its home. The mistake of exporting its culture wholesale, rather than adapting to local market, leads Wal-Mart failed in Germany market. Wal-Marts ambitions to position itself profitably in European markets through Germany have been hit badly by their inability to fully understand and to adapt to the specific conditions of doing business in other countries. This exposed their obvious lack of intercultural competence and management skills. The main challenge of post-merger integration is further complicated significantly if it is in a Cross- order Merger or acquisition, with all issues frequently being compounded by a lack of language and culture bridging skills. Failure to accomplish this task satisfactorily, results in mutual distrust, de-motivation and negatively impacts the merged companies competitiveness, profits and shareholder value. This is exactly what happened to Wal-Mart Germany. Following are the main two factors that Contributed to the Wal-Marts unsuccessful efforts in Germany: 1)Specific Difference in German Consumer behavior and Culture in comparison with US consumers: and impose an American boss on its German operations. Wal-Mart stores are esigned for customers who are willing to spend lot of time shopping. But in Germany, the shopping hours are shorter: Shops close by 5 PM on weekdays, and no shopping on Sundays. This meant that customers dont have the habit of spending lots of time in a store wandering around for the things they need. Coupled with this problem, German customers do not like to be assisted by Wal-Marts friendly store assistants. Germans prefer to do their own search for bargains. Instead of understanding and adjusting to the culture of its clients, Wal-Mart tried to impose their Culture on to the Customers, which never worked out. Germans like to see the advertised discount products upfront without having to ask the store assistant. This implies that the discount products must be placed at the eye level. Instead Wal-Mart chose to use its US style merchandise display strategy where premium priced products are kept at eye level and discount products are kept at higher shelf or in the bottom racks. This irritated the German shoppers. Wal-Mart also got its store inventory wrong, Wal-Mart stocked its store with clothes, hardware, electronics and other non-food products were given much bigger floor space than ood products, as a result more than 50% of the revenue was from non-food products. But other German retailers stock more of food products. For example for Metro, food products constitute more than 75% of the revenue. Germans prefer to bag groceries themselves into reusable carriers, or at least to pay a small fee for the avoidable sin of needing a plastic bag. Germans are introvert in nature and doesnt like display of emotion in public, as they always care for their private personal space. Employees, like the reserved customers, didnt care for Wal-Marts public displays of corporate moral such as the morning heer. The German Customers even didnt liked to be accompanied by the Cheerful employees either, as they would like to make choices by themselves. These are cultural misunderstandings as well, but one could say the cultural philosophy of Wal- Mart could not survive in the context of a German culture with a Happy Planet Index significantly higher than Americas 2)lnefficient Top Management which ignored the relevance of local Culture: It was clear that the cultural insensitivity of Wal-Mart started right at the top management. To begin with, it appointed four CEOs during its first four years of peration. The first head of German operations was Rob Tiarks ,an expat from the USA who did not understand Germany or its culture. He had previously supervised around 200 Supercenters in America. Not only did he not speak any German. Due to his unwillingness to learn the language ,English was soon decreed as the official company language at the management level. He also ignores the complexities and the legal framework of the German retail market, ignoring any strategic advice presented to him by former Wertkauf executives . This has resulted in the resignation nsuccessful in integrating German Outlets with the Wal-Marts Business model and culture. Suggestions and Recommendations: Cross-border, Cross-cultural business is a challenge even for the biggest companies. Companies have to be sensitive to the local cultures and tailor their offerings to local market. To localize their offerings, Wal-Mart and other Companies that are going global companies must carry out cultural assessment of the Citizens of the Country before acquisitions. All their Corporate Business and Communication strategies should be based on this cultural assessment. This will help companies measure the ffectiveness of its localization efforts and make adequate changes in local strategy ; tactics as and when required. Considering the following steps would help Wal-Mart or any other Company while they are on lookout of Global alliance or business. 1)Political, Social, Economic and Cultural Analysis of the Country Before expanding its business operations to a new country, the Company should understand the Political, Social, Economic and cultural aspects of the Country in depth. Wal-Marts case, Germany was selected primarily because of a central European location and economic attractiveness of the Wertkauf acquisition. But a serious research would have shown that Germany had strong national values resistant to change; possibly the most deeply rooted retail traditions in Western Europe. This could have avoided either Wal-Marts selection of the Country or the strategies it has adopted in Germany. 2)Go global and think they are local After conducting an in depth research about the prevailing trends in the customers Country, the Company should be ready to modify its own identity to suit itself to the cultural differences without compromising much on its Corporate Mission. This step will also force organizations to clearly define globalization goals. Wal-Mart put the company name on many German stores before being fully established. Immediately, the run down stores left an impression on consumers who formed a negative image of the Wal-Mart name. 3)Employment of Cross-cultural Management approaches like Hampden-Turner and Trompanaars Analysis: Employement of Hofsteds Culture Dimensions or HT;T Analysis will help Companies in understanding the minute cultural differences between the countries. For example, Communitarianism over Individualism Germans degree of communitarianism is on the higher side mainly because Germans prefer participating on a team. Most Germans see business as a group of related persons working together. But, most of Americans see their company as a set of difference in Cultural dimensions between the 2 countries has resulted in inside management conflict among the employees, which also resulted in resignation of efficient German executives from Wal-Mart post integration. Understanding the cultural dimensions of a Country through proven Cross-culture models will always help a company to formulate a specific approach that will encourage team spirit and joy among the Global Team. 4)Continuous Updation of Strategies to successfully ithstand the local competition It is very important for a Global firm to continuously analyse the impact of their various strategies on the local market. Understand the shortfalls, and modify it in such a way as to cater the local market in a much better way than the competitors. It is always better to scrutinize the strategies adopted by them with a panel of Local experts, as they will be having a better picture about the local consuming behavior and culture. Perceptions do matter a lot, So a surveys to find the customers perception about the company will also help them to change their trategies accordingly. Conclusion: Even though Wall-Mart was the Biggest of the companies, while going Global understanding the culture of customers, employees of the new Country is very critical for the success. The achievement in the U. S. market cannot always guarantee that Wal-Mart will also success in anywhere else. Companies need to understand the local culture in order to capitalize on the local market. The lessons learned from Wal- Marts experience in Germany, can be applied by other retailers who are planning to go global for expanding its market.. If the worlds largest retailer had taken the time o analyze the German mindset, it could have avoided a very painful lesson when Germans rejected Wal-Marts American-style which was highly successful in home country.

Rites Of Passage :: essays research papers fc

Rites of Passage When an individual experiences movement, or a change from an affixed position in society to another position, that individual can easily describe their change as a passage into a new realm of living. A new realm of living is the way in which the individual and society views, acknowledges, and proceeds with their life. Their changes are monumental not only for the individual, but for his/her society as well. Many changes take place during the span of a persons life. They become rites of passage and rituals of initiation-which are more than just simple changes. A plethora of come with these rites and are found in all corners of the globe. Going on vision quests, by the plains Indians of North America, to circumcision by certain Australian cultures, rites of passage present a vast table of religious comparisons(Eliade, p. 287-88). This essay will examine two rites of initiation, by comparing and contrasting their importance to each culture, and discussing how that importance affects that particular individual as well as their society. Finally, the essay will explore possible reasons as to why these initiation rites hold a deep meaning in their respective societies. The Kurnai of Australia have an initiation rite for the sons of married men in their perspective villages. Within a section by A. W. Howitt, in Eliade's book, From Primitives to Zen: A thematic Sourcebook of the History of Religions , a ceremony known as the "Showing the Grandfather" is described(Eliade, p. 288) In this initiation the Kurnai have a formal way of bringing a man's son into the highest, and most secret realm of their religion. By incorporating the use of the father and son relationship, this particular ritual involves the revelation of the central meaning, or "mystery" of their religion. The men and women are separated. Secrecy is one the most important traditions in this initiation. The initiation is not revealed to the women, or anyone else not of their society. The sons, or "novices" as Howitt calls them, are taught the proper religious traditions that they need to know for the ceremony, and for the rest of their lives, as this initiation will conclude their step into religious righteousness, and manhood. This all takes place the day before the ceremony, while other men, who have already been through the ceremony, prepare by hunting for food and arranging a site, not too far from the village, where the initiation will take place. The next morning, a new day at hand, the novices are taken to the site at which time the ceremony commences.

Gary Mckinnon Report

Professional Practice Ethical Case Study for Part 2 Gary McKinnon Introduction This report discusses about ethical issues that has been quoted from the Guardian â€Å"the biggest military computer hack of all time. † Gary McKinnon a Systems administrator from Glasgow; born 10 February 1966 who is suffering Asperger’s Syndrome and has been blamed upon of hacking into the United States Government computer systems. He presumably â€Å"states that he was merely looking for evidence of a UFO cover-up, the suppression of Free Energy, and other technologies potentially useful to the public. However the damages have resulted from this incident cost more than $800,000 of the Military and NASA’s computer security. This all first began in 1983 when Gary went to go to his local cinema to watch the movie WarGames, about a whiz kid who had hacked into the Pentagon, from an interview with Jon Ronson; The Guardian, Gary said that from this movie he did not mean it to actually c ome true, and had a thought in mind that he would work for the department of defence or NASA, on the other hand this is not the case for Gary’s case.Between the years 2001 and 2002 Gary McKinnon was arrested under the Computer Misuse Act in the UK just after the 9/11, and got bail by 2005. During that year the US government had started the â€Å"extradition proceedings,† Gary would face up to 70 years jail in the US, which would of exceeded to be sent to Guantanamo Bay, yet comparing the US punishment towards the UK it is considerably less. This case is still active, and McKinnon’s mother has prevented extradition from a long campaign.This report will look further in detail of what has been discussed above, as well as: * Gary’s Supporters/Appeal * Issues on his Disability * Damages on the US security These are the Ethical Issues which I think that should be discussed about Gary McKinnon’s case. Ethical Issues Surrounding Gary Mckinnon On August 200 8 Gary McKinnon’s Legal team settled on yet another appeal, this then lead onto finding out the fact that Gary McKinnon was diagnosed with Asperger’s Syndrome, but before the appeal Gary’s legal team made sure that the appeal would be granted first.Asperger’s Syndrome’s symptoms can come across â€Å"repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests,† and I think that this can clash against what has been mentioned before about the movie that Gary had seen when he was 17 about the whiz kid that hacked into the Pentagon. This may have affected Gary’s thoughts and even quoted from an interview â€Å"I didn’t mean it to actually come true. † From his interests and curiosity of UFO’s and other aspects, I do not think that anyone expected the result from all that has happened.Gary McKinnon was accused of hacking into 97 different NASA and the United States computers in the years 2001 and 2002, he had used the name ‘S olo’ and had additionally got accused of hacking into various networks that was used by US Army, Navy, Air Force, Department of defence and NASA. In the USA Gary McKinnon currently have up to 20 charges which include: * Obtaining USA Top Secret Documents * Intentionally damaging Computer protection software’s * Interfering with maritime navigation equipment * Stealing computer files * Deleting critical computer files * Deleting Navy Weapons logsThe list that is shown above is just a few out of the damage that Gary caused USA. With all this that has been accused upon Gary McKinnon, he denied of causing any damage arguing against his search of UFO information. However he did admit that he left a threat on one computer, this referred to how useless the USA computer security was especially after the 9/11 attacks, he will carry on disrupting at high levels. His statement represented his belief that the 9/11 attacks was an inside job. What Gary attempted to prove was that on ce you’re on the network called ‘NetStat’, this would list the connections to that system of the US army/NASA etc.And Gary was not alone; there had been hackers from Italy, Denmark, Turkey, Thailand and more doing the same as Gary. Hackers from all over the world were just simply going through files without any of the military realising. He had been doing this for more than 5 to 7 years just looking through files until the day that he got caught. Gary had been through many unfair trials such as McKinnon Vs United States 2008 which the defendant disputed â€Å"that the plea bargain constituted ‘unlawful pressure’ and had amounted to an abuse of process†.This case was then dismissed because the case was not proven enough to oppose extradition. On the other hand with another case in 2009 McKinnon Vs Secretary of State of Home Affairs it was discovered that Gary is suffering Asperger’s Syndrome and he claimed that it would clash against the European Convention on Human Rights. The Outcome There have been many supporters for Gary McKinnon, with websites, and even grown to be supported by the National Autistic Society and Liberty, this campaign that is been running by groups of people would hopefully end the extradition.There are groups online from Facebook, Twitter many web forums to show that the public believe that he should not be extradited. More with cross party politicians supporting and ‘high profile individuals’ such as Stephen Fry and Jonathan Ross. To get more people to support Gary, a petition had been arisen to support him to stop his extradition before it is too late. With the entire case in hand, the two countries have come across a huge disagreement, the US is simply wanting the extradition to take place so that Gary McKinnon can get up to 70 years in prison, with the UK trials 70 years is undoubtedly not close to that number.But without finding out that he has suffered Asperger’s Syn drome, for the people who have supported Gary McKinnon has said that he is â€Å"less blameworthy for his crimes†¦ does not necessarily mean that he can distinguish right from wrong. † There are still many questions for Gary and the future, Will Gary McKinnon’s Asperger’s Syndrome get worse and end up change his sentencing? Should people with mental disabilities be treated differently under our legal system? Conclusion For different people there are different opinions about Gary’s entire case, many people found him guilty as they seen him as deleting and intruding on mportant files from the US. Others had and still are supporting him to prevent him from getting extradition. What is the case with Gary McKinnon till this day? Currently Gary would have to face an extradition case during May 2010 just after the general election for the UK; this would mean that after the election this would leave a new government which could possibly lead into Gary McKinn on’s favour, in support of Gary; the opposition ‘Tories’ have tabled against UK-US extraditions.Also Gary’s mother ‘Janis Sharp’ has announced her candidacy to stand against ‘Jack Straw’ former Labour Home Secretary and current Minister in Blackburn (Lancashire) but confusingly Jack Straw is the least person to blame for the situation that Gary is in, he was the foreign secretary with the UK government who which negotiated with the US government that resulted in the Extradition Act 2003. Personal ReflectionWhen I first went through this case study, I was surprised and shocked in the situation that Gary McKinnon was in, I had never heard of this even though it was all over the international news and had a huge effect on the US government. With my initial thoughts I was against Gary McKinnon that he had hacked into the US and deleted important files and I immediately thought that he would be sent to prison. However I read on with th e case study that was given, researched on his situation and his court cases and then realised that this was a two way condition with arguments from two countries, whether he should have to face extradition or not.I had read on the Guardian with an interview with Gary from Jon Ronson and read along the lines that he did not mean to delete any files; it was just a matter of researching his quest of finding information on UFO’s. Then in the Wikipedia information it stated that he did admit on showing a threat referring that the US Governments security was not safe at all and many people had hacked in it many times from all over the world.With my thoughts I would support Gary McKinnon, there are many people from around the world that are hacking into the US Army, Navy, Air Force, Department of defence and NASA. With Gary’s case he had been through a lot, with the United States after him, suffering Asperger’s Syndrome and having to trial against the US for up to 7 y ears. I think that it could possibly end for him if the May 2010 British elections go the right way for Gary McKinnon.

Western Apache Language and Culture - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 900 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category Culture Essay Level High school Tags: Ethnographic Essay Did you like this example? From what I read, I understood that the Apache people, just like most if not all societies, have an emphasis on using the past to teach future generations to moral lessons using stories, gossip and sagas passed down from ancestors. The Apache language is featured in all these methods of communication. Not only does this help keep the language alive throughout the years, but it also establishes and maintains a stronger bond with their ancestors. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Western Apache Language and Culture" essay for you Create order When it comes to naming places, the Apache do not take any detail for granted. Descriptive specificity is a common characteristic of place-names (47). The name chosen had to be able to give members of the tribe a clear image that, once spoken, would help them remember the place accurately (12). An example is Tiis Sikhadade meaning a Groove of Cottonwood Trees (16) or Kai?‚b?- ye Bi?‚ Naagozwode meaning Gray Willows Curve Around A Bend; a point on a stream (23). Also, after the name has been given, it continues to hold significant value for later generations because they are words that were spoken directly by their ancestors in their language. They are essentially repeating their speech (10) and as Charles mentioned to Morley, to rush through trying to say the place name or not acknowledge the significance of the name, would be considered disrespectful (10). In addition to all this, the explicit place names in the Apache language, offer evidence of changes in the landscape (13), which can then be used to identify and explain any differences seen in the appearance of the place after many years. They show what is different and what has remained the same (16) For the Apache, history is no farther than ones imagination; it is very near (32). People known as place-makers formulate place-worlds in which the ancestors lived in, to bring history back to life. A place-makers primary objective is to speak the past into being and essentially produce an experience (32) where an apache listener can build a credible image in their heads. Apache constructions of place reach deeply into other cultural spheres, including conceptions of wisdom, notions of morality, politeness and tact in forms of spoken discourse, and certain conventional ways of imagining and interpreting the Apache tribal past (xv) The stories are designed to attempt to instill admirati on and empathy for the ancestors (33) who arrived in a foreign land, identified what would be useful, described areas so that others would know about it and toiled to make an environment capable of sustaining life. Unless of course, what they did was immoral or unethical, in which case their stories served as a lesson of how not to act and showed possible consequences that may occur if you ignore the advice. My opinion of the role of an anthropologist studying another culture would be to watch, listen, be respectful and record everything either in notes or recordings and this corresponds with Basso. During one of the tours Basso took with a place-maker named Charles, and a translator named Morley, he described his role as driving the jeep, providing coffee and Reeses peanut butter cups for Morley and recording everything on paper and audiotapes (10). As for his methods, he differentiated himself from other anthropologists who have ignored the fact that groups of people, like American Indians, maintain complex symbolic relationships with their surroundings, which hold a significant place in their culture (66). As for Bassos main findings, one of them was that historical stories could change peoples ideas about themselves and force them to admit to their poor behavior and concentrate on the significance of it (60). He concluded this when he observed people who were shot by stories (60) and were therefore flooded by a wave of shame and guilt, after which they would analyze their behavior and alter it accordingly. The book was an excellent resource to look into the lives of a group of people that a lot of the American public may not take the time to learn enough about, despite sharing their surroundings. It has also emphasized on the value of learning from the past and not just from generations that are still around, but from the original settlers in a place you may call home, and in this aspect, I can personally relate. Passed down from generation to generation, are the stories, myths or legends that have lessons that can still be applied to today. For example, in Uganda, one legend that is well known is the origin story of one of the largest tribes, the Baganda, featuring a man named Kintu and the various struggles he had to overcome in order to win the hand of the creators daughter, Nambi. In our generation, and some before us, we ignore the advice given to us by our parents and assume we know better. When I was younger, I did this because I did not understand why we had to listen to old st ories, when other cultures did not. I considered it an African thing that was not necessary or applicable. However, as I grew older, this quickly changed and I appreciate books, such as this one, that shows us our history and culture is essential and must be treasured. Wisdom does indeed sit in places and these places are in the minds and words of the people who came before us. REFERENCE PAGE Basso, Keith Hamilton. Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language among the Western Apache. University of New Mexico Press, 2010.